The five major factors of personality among university students

Abstract

Abstract

   The difficult political, social and economic conditions experienced by the Iraqi citizen constitute psychological pressures that are reflected in the psychological, behavioral and social aspects of the Iraqi society. Obstacles and considers university students the mainstay of the future, Those who have a great role in the process of building and developing society within the different disciplines studied by each student, which constitute an integrated system in the construction process, and that the interest in studying personality began since the thirties of this century until the present time, a significant increase, and this is evident from the increase in the amount of research published in psychological journals dealing with personality, As well as the issuance of large numbers of references and books about it, and as psychologists have tried since the beginning of the twentieth century to divide the human personality into multiple types and fixed patterns in a set of unified qualities that apply to all individuals who fall into it. This interest has appeared since antiquity, especially with Greek philosophers such as Hippocrates and Galen, where they linked the physical, moral and psychological moods of each individual with the aim of inferring from them his nature and qualities. Also, a number of researchers presented a theory about personality factors or patterns in which they tried to simplify the human personality into five major factors: extraversion, kindness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and originality, despite their differences in language and approach to measuring the five factors, and they called the new scale the revised personality intelligence for neuroticism. Extroversion and openness, which consists of (181) items that were extracted by factor analysis derived from many personality intelligences, and )Costa and Macri( developed a list of traits that measure these and consists of forty traits, so the revised list contains eighty traits.

Keywords/ personality, Neuroticism, extraversion, experience, kindness, vigilance